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THEORY: Achievements and challenges; food, land, water and oceans; out of breath; air quality in the 21st century; managing planetary metabolism. The carbon cycle; global change and the challenge for the future. Advances in understanding; global biogeochemistry: Understanding the metabolic system of the planet; land ocean interactions: Regional global linkages; the climate system; prediction, change and variability; Hot spots of land use change and the climate system; a regional or global concern. Looking at the future: stimulating and observing the earth system; Does the earth system needs biodiversity? Can technology spare the planet; towards global sustainability? PRACTICAL: Impact of air pollution or plant growth. Impact of industrial waste effluents on plant growth. Climate change in Pakistan. |
Credit hours/ Marks:- 3+1 |
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